Ask the Mechanic
Longer Life
READER: I have been having turbocharger problems lately with my larger farm tractors. I seem to be replacing the turbocharger more than in previous years. Can you give me some advice on turbocharger maintenance and operator awareness on how to extend the life of a turbocharger?
STEVE: The turbocharger is a device that boosts power and performance of an internal combustion engine. It uses otherwise wasted exhaust gases to pressurize the cylinder and help scavenge the cylinder at the end of the exhaust stroke. Because it uses exhaust gases to spin a turbine, the heat associated with this device is extreme, so operator awareness is critical for its life. It can reach spinning speeds of 120,000 rpm when the engine is under load.
Due to this excessive speed, the turbocharger balance is critical. If you look at the compressor end of the turbo, you will see that the end nut has been sliced or ground off. This is normal, as this is where the turbocharger gets its balance. Check to see if there is any sign of the turbine scraping on the housing. A bearing failure could be in the process if scraping is seen, which can throw the complete shaft out of balance.
Always allow the engine to warm up to operating temperature if possible, and before shutting down, let the engine cool down at idle for several minutes. This practice will extend the life of a turbocharger. You also may want to check the lube tube from the turbocharger to its drain location for blockage.
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-- Email Steve Thompson care of askthemechaniccolumn@gmail.com, and be sure to include your contact information and phone number.
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