Handle DEF Properly to Maintain Quality

OMAHA (DTN) -- Many farm trucks and tractors with diesel engines operate on Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) today. Owners of this machinery should know all the particulars about buying, storing and handling DEF.

In addition, those using DEF should know how to handle the product in temperatures below freezing.

UNDERSTANDING DEF

Bill O'Ryan with the American Petroleum Institute (API) wrote about these issues recently. DEF is a critical component in achieving optimal performance and ensuring compliance with emission standards when operating diesel trucks.

To maximize the benefits of DEF use, it is important to fully understand all that is involved with the product. This includes purchasing, handling and storage.

DEF is a blend of technically pure urea and purified water, and it requires proper handling and storage to maintain its quality. In addition, DEF is a vital part of vehicle emission systems, and those systems should not be altered.

The quality of the DEF used in farm trucks is as vital as the quality of the engine oils or fuel, O'Ryan wrote.

"Using American Petroleum Institute (API) licensed DEF ensures it meets the high standards required by engine and vehicle manufacturers," O'Ryan wrote.

Here are some DEF tips from API.

PURCHASING DEF

There are two main ways to buy DEF, at a truck stop or at a fuel/DEF retailer. If purchasing at a truck stop, ensure the DEF brand and manufacturer are identified. Regulations in many states require this information on receipts but it is always best to verify.

If you purchase DEF through a retailer, API suggests buying DEF stored away from direct sunlight in a cool, dry place. Inspect the packaging for signs of contamination for damage and avoid purchasing compromised products.

In addition, look for the API certification mark on the bottle. Check the expiration date to ensure freshness and effectiveness. If no date is visible, request the most recently delivered DEF products.

STORING DEF

Proper storage of DEF is crucial to maintain its quality. If storing in a vehicle, avoid storing DEF in a truck if the area is hotter than the recommended storage temperature. DEF stored at 86 degrees or higher will last about six months. Sunlight exposure also reduces its shelf life.

If stored in a building, store DEF in a cool, shady area. Properly stored DEF can last 12 months or longer. Use the oldest DEF first to avoid expired products.

POURING DEF

When putting DEF into a diesel truck/tractor, use dedicated equipment for dispensing. Avoid using funnels, pitchers or hoses used for other fluids.

Clean dispensing equipment with distilled or de-ionized water, followed by a DEF rinse. Do not use tap water for cleaning.

DEF TIPS FOR COLD WEATHER

Handling and storing DEF can be a challenge in wintertime for drivers on the road as well as those storing it in a garage or shop. If DEF freezes in the vehicle, do not add additives to the tank to help melt it. DEF needs to remain pure for it to work correctly.

In cold weather, the vehicle will generally start without issues and the DEF tank has a heating element that can quickly thaw the DEF. On-spec DEF is specifically formulated to allow the fluid to thaw at the proper concentration.

Like water, DEF will expand up to 7% when frozen and can damage a storage tank if it is full or nearly full when it freezes. Keep the tank less than full to eliminate this risk.

DEF RESOURCES

API has a DEF Consumer Guidance page which offers clear guidance to those who work with DEF. See it here: https://www.api.org/…

Russ Quinn can be reached at Russ.Quinn@dtn.com

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